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Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Molecular Pathology Research & Hemoglobin Depletion Using HemogloBind™ MONMOUTH JUNCTION, NJ – A research article by authors Rubio-Navarro, Alfonso, et al in the journal International Journal of Cardiology (http://www.internationaljournalofcardiology.com/article/S0167-5273(15)30284-9/fulltext) cites Biotech Support Group’s HemogloBind™ (http://www.biotechsupportgroup.com/node/75) sample preparation reagent to deplete hemoglobin (Hb) from conditioned medium from healthy aortas or abdominal aortic aneurysm. The article states: “Conditioned mediums from AAA were incubated with HemogloBind™ reagent for hemoglobin depletion” HemogloBind™ binds hemoglobin from biological fluids and the reagent is a poly-electrolyte mixture. High infiltration of CD163 monocytes surrounding micro-vesicles, low expression of CD14+ & CD16- monocytes and high CD163 mRNA/protein expression is a feature of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) molecular pathology. Healthy aorta conditioned medium or complete or hemoglobin-depleted conditioned medium from abdominal aortic aneurysm were mixed with M-CSF macrophages to track CD163 and HLA-DR expression or hemoglobin uptake.In addition to monocyte migration and macrophage expression, the expression of MHCII molecules (CD74 & HLA-DR) and interleukins are obtained. High CD163+ macrophages in AAA adventitia wall picks up hemoglobin. High hemoglobin content and high CD14++CD16++CD163++ monocytes are observed in AAA. Monocytes take up hemoglobin and cause high anti-inflammatory IL-10 release and less IL-12p40 secretion. Hemoglobin in aneurysm sites increases monocyte differentiation into CD163high and HLA-DRlow expressing macrophages. CD163 on the surface of monocytes and tissue macrophages scavenges hemoglobin mainly in the Hb-derived iron rich AAA adventitia. CD163 causes less hemoglobin concentration, high heme oxygenase biosynthesis, interleukin -1 release, high CD163 and HLA-DR expression. Hemoglobin causes high monocyte chemotaxis in AAA samples. Adding conditioned medium also increases monocyte migration. Hb or AAA conditioned medium may induce chemotaxis by Hb-CD163 interactions whereas adding CD163 blocking antibody inhibits hemoglobin uptake and sustains hemoglobin concentration. AAA pathology consists of a pulsating enlargement or tender mass on ultrasound, CT scan, MRI or angiogram often requiring open surgical repair or endovascular repair. Hemoglobin causes inflammation and oxidation. Macrophages pickup hemoglobin from hemolysis & during wound healing. CD163 macrophages take up hemoglobin in adventitia of abdominal aortic aneurysm. CD163 functions on endocytosis of haptoglobin-hemoglobin complexes by RBC hemolysis. It’s a hemoglobin scavenger receptor in monocyte-macrophage system. It causes hemoglobin uptake by macrophages & in CD163 transduced HEK293 cells, delivers hemoglobin to macrophages by conjugate binding, causes secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines and allows research on hemolytic anemia pathology, tissue destruction, multiple peptide conjugate binding to hemoglobin-binding domains. Abdominal aortic aneurysmal (AAA) thrombus samples from luminal, intermediate, abluminal artery contain hemoglobin, monocytes, macrophages, cathepsins, proteinases, elastases, neutrophils, leukocytes and matrix metalloproteinases. Extraction of hemoglobin from AAA samples allows proteomic analysis by SELDI-TOF, MALDI-TOF-MS-MS, quantitative immunoassays, protein chip arrays containing chromatography binding conditions and surface arrays. Sample preparation allows research on hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers, hemoglobin polymerization, pathovascular remodeling of AAA mural thrombus, CD163 mRNA expression, protein expression, monocyte recruitment and CD163 dependent monocyte chemotaxis. “We are pleased with this data on abdominal aortic aneuryism & hemoglobin proteomics. HemogloBind™ minimizes hemoglobin interference from blood samples and allows research on cardiovascular pathology” states Swapan Roy, Ph.D., President and Founder of Biotech Support Group.
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Contact: Reference: Rubio-Navarro, Alfonso, et al. “Hemoglobin induces monocyte recruitment and CD163-macrophage polarization in abdominal aortic aneurysm.” International Journal of Cardiology (2015). |
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